هل يحرم الوالدان شفاعة الولدان بترك العقيقة عنهم ؟؟؟

بسم الله والحمد لله والصلاة والسلام على رسول الله وعلى آله وصحبه وسلم ،أما بعد

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فعن سمرة رضي الله عنه قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم :الغلام مرتهن بعقيقته يذبح عنه يوم السابع ويسمى ويحلق رأسه
رَوَاهُ أَحْمد وَأَصْحَاب السّنَن الْأَرْبَعَة وَالْحَاكِم وصححه الالباني وابن الملقن وقَالَ التِّرْمِذِيّ : هَذَا حَدِيث حسن صَحِيح . وَقَالَ الْحَاكِم : هَذَا حَدِيث صَحِيح الْإِسْنَاد .

وقال الامام البخاري في صحيحه (5155)- حدثني عبد الله بن أبي الأسود حدثنا قريش بن أنس عن حبيب بن الشهيد قال
: أمرني ابن سيرين أن أسأل الحسن ممن سمع حديث العقيقة ؟ فسألته فقال من سمرة بن جندب.

قال الحافظ بن حجر في فتح الباري في شرح صحيح البخاري :((قوله "حديث العقيقة" لم يقع في البخاري بيان الحديث المذكور وكأنه اكتفى عن إيراده بشهرته، وقد أخرجه أصحاب السنن من رواية قتادة عن الحسن عن سمرة عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: "الغلام مرتهن بعقيقته، تذبح عنه يوم السابع، ويحلق رأسه، ويسمى" قال الترمذي: حسن صحيح

يقول الامام البغوي في شرح السنة :وقد تكلم الناس في معنى قوله : " مرتهن بعقيقته " أجودها ما قال أحمد بن حنبل : أن معناه أنه إن مات طفلا ولم يعق عنه لم يشفع لوالديه ، ويروى عن قتادة أيضا أنه يحرم شفاعتهم

ويقول ابن القيم في كتابه "تحفة المودود بأحكام المولود" ((وقد ذكر البيهقي عن سلمان بن شرحبيل حدثنا يحيى بن حمزة قال
قلت لعطاء الخرساني ما مرتهن بعقيقته قال يحرم شفاعة ولده وقال اسحق بن هانيء سألت أبا عبد الله عن حديث النبي الغلام مرتهن بعقيقته ما معناه قال نعم سنة النبي- صل الله عليه وسلم- أن يعق عن الغلام شاتان وعن الجارية شاة فإذا لم يعق عنه فهو محتبس بعقيقته حتى يعق عنه وقال الأثرم قال أبو عبد الله ما في هذه الأحاديث أوكد من هذا يعني في العقيقة كل غلام مرتهن بعقيقته وقال يعقوب بن بختان سئل أبو عبد الله عن العقيقة فقال ما أعلم فيه شيئا أشد من هذا الحديث الغلام مرتهن بعقيقته وقال حنبل قال أبو عبد الله ولا أحب لمن أمكنه وقدر أن لا يعق عن ولده ولا يدعه لأن النبي قال الغلام مرتهن بعقيقته وهو أشد ما روي فيه وإنما كره النبي من ذلك الاسم وأما الذبح فالنبي - صل الله عليه وسلم - قد فعل ذلك وقال أحمد بن القاسم قيل لأبي عبد الله العقيقة واجبة هي فقال أما واجبة فلا أدري لا أقول واجبة ثم قال أشد شيء فيه أن الرجل مرتهن بعقيقته وقد قال أحمد في موضع آخر مرتهن عن الشفاعة لوالديه

وقال الخطابي كما نقل عنه الحافظ ابن حجر في فتح الباري

 
اِخْتَلَفَ النَّاس فِي هَذَا ، وَأَجْوَد مَا قِيلَ فِيهِ مَا ذَهَبَ إِلَيْهِ أَحْمَد بْن حَنْبَلٍ قَالَ : هَذَا فِي الشَّفَاعَة ، يُرِيد أَنَّهُ إِذَا لَمْ يُعَقّ عَنْهُ فَمَاتَ طِفْلًا لَمْ يَشْفَع فِي أَبَوَيْهِ

وقال الصنعاني في سبل السلام : وَنَقَلَهُ الْحَلِيمِيُّ عَنْ عَطَاءٍ الْخُرَاسَانِيِّ وَمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُطَرِّفٍ وَهُمَا إمَامَانِ عَالَمَانِ مُتَقَدِّمَانِ عَلَى أَحْمَدَ

قال الطيبي: ولا ريب أن الإمام أحمد بن حنبل ما ذهب إلى هذا القول إلا بعدما تلقى من الصحابة والتابعين على أنه إمام من الأئمة الكبار يجب أن يتلقى كلامه بالقبول ويحسن الظن به

ونسأل الله أن يُرِيَنا الحقَّ حقّاً ويُعِيننا على أتِّباعه وأن يُرِيَنا الباطل باطلاً ويُعِينَنا على اجتنابه، والحمد لله رب العالمين.

On Choosing a School and Friends for Your Children - 'Abdus-Salaam As-Sulaymaan

"Raising Children in Light of the Qur'aan and Sunnah" by 'Abdus-Salaam As-Sulaymaan.

5. Choosing a School:

The father should strive to carefully choose a good school for his child, thus selecting the one that is of the finest quality and not necessarily the one that is closest to him. He should also ask those involved in the field of teaching and educating, who are sincere and honest, as to which of the schools is the best.

School has a deep impact on a student since it is there that he spends a quarter of his day - which is in fact the best time of the day. In the school he learns and is educated, and that is the place where he finds friends and companions.

So based on this, the father must keep a close connection with the school by going to visit it, staying in contact with it by phone and asking about the state of his son or daughter. He should be concerned with asking about his child's character, behavior and friends before asking about his grades.

He should also follow up on his child's educational development and studies, and check his notes and homework and be aware of the remarks the teacher makes to his child's work so that he may correct it.

So your concern with your child's studies and your solid relationship with his school, his teachers, his schoolwork, and his levels of education is a good that will assist in his well-being and learning, by the will of Allaah.

6. Choosing a Friend:

From the things in which there is no doubt is that a friend has a profound effect on an individual - whether positive or negative. Sufficient to clarify this point is the statement of the Prophet (sallAllaahu 'alayhi wa sallam) when he said: "The example of the righteous companion and the evil companion is like that of a seller of musk and a blacksmith." [Reported by Al-Bukhaaree and Muslim]

The Prophet (sallAllaahu 'alayhi wa sallam) also said: "A man is upon the religion of his close friend, so let each of you look into whom he takes as a close friend." [Reported by Abu Dawood]

Therefore, O father, it is incumbent upon you to look for a good friend and a sincere companion for your child before he chooses one on his own, for he may choose the wrong ones and then grow attached to them, after which it will be hard for you to separate them.

There are many accounts, too numerous to be recorded, in which children were raised in good environments and in conservative households but ended up mixing with bad companions on the pretext that they were going on a trip or an outing with them or using the excuse that they wanted to play with them or have fun with them or study with them. And the end result of this was that they had a negative effect on them.

In these days it is extremely difficult for a father to raise his child in exclusion of friends. Trials and temptations constantly surround the youth from all directions.

Bad friends can either be people who are engulfed in their desires or in misconceptions. If they are those who are given into whims and desires, they will lead your child towards mischief and a digression from good character. As for those who follow misconceptions, they will lead your child towards innovations and opposing the guidance of the pious predecessors (Salaf as-Saalih). Perhaps he may even fall into the acts of declaring Muslims disbelievers and innovators. This particularly applies to the members of those methodologies that are foreign to this country (i.e. Saudi Arabia), as has occurred to some of our youth, may Allaah guide them and return them back to the truth.

In conclusion, I ask Allaah to rectify for all of us our intentions and offspring, and that He forgive our parents, granting them the best of rewards on our behalf. I ask Allaah to assist us in being dutiful to them during their lives as well as after their deaths.

I also ask Allaah to aid us in raising our children upon the Qur'aan and the Sunnah and to make them righteous offspring and an enjoyment to our eyes in this life by, through their uprightness, and after death, through their righteous deeds.

May the peace and praises of Allaah be upon our prophet Muhammad.

Source:

 From Al-Ibaanah publication: "Raising Children in Light of the Qur'aan and Sunnah" by 'Abdus-Salaam As-Sulaymaan. The book was intorduced and commended by Shaikh Saalih Al-Fawzaan.

Advice to Mothers Whose Children Distract Their Prayers

QUESTION:

A woman prays in her house, having many young children and no family members or servants to assist her. She feels that her prayers are always deficient or unacceptable as a result of her lack of concentration due to the children's constant activities. What is your advice to her?

ANSWER:

by Shaykh Muhammad 'Umar Baazmool, instructor at Umm Al-Quraa University in Makkah

This woman, so long as she offers the prayer with its prescribed manner, after being purified (having wudhoo'), reciting (Soorah Al-Faatihah), standing, bowing, raising up, prostrating, sitting, prostrating again, with tama'neenah (resting fully in each position), then her prayer is valid in shaa' Allaah.

And she should feel free of any blame by offering this prayer, by Allaah's Permission. She (also) gets the reward for all of her work in the house and taking care of her children.

One time the Messenger (sallallaahu 'alayhe wa sallam) was leading the people in prayer in the masjid, and he shortened the prayer. So they said, "O Messenger of Allaah! You have prayed in a way that we have not seen from you before!" or a phrase similar to this.

He replied (sallallaahu 'alayhe wa sallam):

"I heard the crying of a child, and I supposed that his mother was praying with us, so I wanted to free his mother for him." [1]

So here the Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu 'alayhe wa sallam), praying one of the obligatory prayers in congregation, shortened the prayer, showing concern for this child. So in this there is evidence to support that if a woman was to shorten her (recitation in her) prayer due to her responsibilities toward her house or her child, while she has no assistance, then there is no harm in that, so long as she offered her prayer in the manner ordained in the Sharee'ah. And Allaah, the Mighty and Exalted, says [2]:

( So fear Allaah to the best of your ability )

And the Messenger (sallallaahu 'alayhe wa sallam) said:

"...And when I have ordered you with something, then do as much of it as you are able." [3]

Therefore she offers the prayer to the best of her ability, fulfilling her duty and thus freeing herself from any blame. In addition, she will be rewarded by Allaah, the Glorified and Exalted, for being a good wife to her husband, taking care of the family, and staying on top of all her responsibilities. By these things she reaps great rewards and obtains lofty virtues. And by these things, her reward is with Allaah, the Glorified and Exalted.

She will also have a magnificent reward from Allaah, the Glorified and Exalted, for all her patience and forbearance, (as Allaah says) [4]:

( Verily those who persevere will receive their reward without measure )

FOOTNOTES:

[1] from an authentic hadeeth collected by Ahmad, see The Prophet's Prayer Described (p.25 of the English version) sallallaahu 'alayhe wa sallam

[2] the meaning of Soorah At-Taghaabun (64):16

[3] Saheeh Al-Bukhaaree #7288 (13/317 of Fat-hul-Baaree)

[4] the meaning of Soorah Az-Zumar (39):10

SOURCE

This was translated exclusively for www.bakkah.net from a cassette recording with the knowledge and permission of the shaykh, file no. AAMB017, dated 1423/6/25.

Adopting Children in Islam

Question : All praise be to Allah and may blessings and peace be upon the Messenger , his family and companions. To commence : The Permanent Committee for Islaamic Research and deliverance of legal rulings has looked into the question posed by the Executive secretary of the Punjabi assembly for the welfare of children to his Eminence, the President of the administration of the Islamic research, deliverance of rulings, propagation and guidance committee. The question was then referred to the General secretariat for the board of Great scholars numbered :2/86 dates 15/1/1392 Hijriy. The questioner seeks information pertaining to the rules and principles concerning the rights of an adopted child regarding inheritance. Answer :
1. Adoption was known in the days of ignorance before the message of our Prophet Muhammad sallallahu alayhe was salaam. The adopted son would be ascribed to his foster father, inherit from him, allowed to be in seclusion with his wife and daughters and his foster fathers wife would be forbidden to him in marriage. On the whole the status of an adopted son was that of a begotten one in all affairs. The Prophet sallallahu alayhe was salaam adopted Zayd Ibn Haarith Ibn Sharaaheel al-Kilaby before the message of Islaam, and he used to be called Zayd Ibn Muhammad. This form of pre-Islaamic adoption continued until the third or fifth year after the migration to Madeenah(Hijraah).
2. Then Allah ordered to ascribe adopted children to their fathers from those whose loins they originated, if they are known. If their original fathers are unknown they are considered brothers in the religion and as freed slaves to those who adopted them. He, glory be to Him forbade that a child should be ascribed to it’s foster in descent and forbade the child from attributing itself to other than it’s real father, except by a slip of the tongue in error , for there is no blame in that. He, glory be to Him, verified that this ruling is pure justice due to it entailing truth in speech, preservation of lineage, honour, and the reservation of financial rights to those who are more deserving. The Most High said :
“….nor has He made your adopted sons your real sons. That is but your saying with your mouths. But Allâh says the truth, and He guides to the (Right) Way.Call them (adopted sons) by (the names of) their fathers, that is more just with Allâh. But if you know not their father’s (names, call them) your brothers in faith and Mawâlîkum (your freed slaves). And there is no sin on you if you make a mistake therein, except in regard to what your hearts deliberately intend. And Allâh is Ever Oft¬Forgiving, Most Merciful.” (Al-Ahzab 33:4,5)
Furthermore the Prophet sallallahu alayhe was salaam said :
” Whoever attributes himself to other than his father or ascribes to other than his manumator(the person who frees a slave), then the continuous curse of Allah is upon him”. [Narrated by Abu Daawood.]
3. At His termination of adoption, glory be to Him, ( that is the false acclaiming of son-ship), He terminated those rules that were linked with it in the pre-Islaamic period that had continued into the early stage of Islaam.
a) He terminated inheritance between the adopted and the foster guardian by means of this false son-ship. He made it that each one should be charitable to the other in their lifetimes, and that a deserved share be bequeathed to the other from the deceased that does not exceed a third of his wealth. The Sharee’ah has clarified the laws of inheritance and the deserving heirs in detail without a mention of the adopted or his guardian amongst them. He, the most High, has also mentioned in general those who are to inherit of distant relatives out of kindeness to kin. The Most High said :
“…..And blood relations among each other have closer personal ties in the Decree of Allâh (regarding inheritance) than (the brotherhood of) the believers and the Muhajirûn (emigrants from Makkah, etc.), except that you do kindness to those brothers (when the Prophet Sallallahu alayhe was salaam joined them in brotherhood ties)….”(Al-Ahzab 33:6)
b) Allah has permitted the adopted son to marry the wife of his guardian after his term with her ends and this was forbidden in the pre-Islaamic period. He started with His Messenger in this to be the stronger in its legislation and tougher in terminating the custom of the people of the pre-Islaamic period in forbiddeing this. The Most High said :
“…..So when Zaid had accomplished his desire from her (i.e. divorced her), We gave her to you in marriage, so that (in future) there may be no difficulty to the believers in respect of (the marriage of) the wives of their adopted sons when the latter have no desire to keep them (i.e. they have divorced them). And Allâh’s Command must be fulfilled. (Al-Ahzab 33:37)
So the Prophet sallallahu alayhe was salaam married Zaynab Bint Jahsh by the command of Allah after Zayd Ibn Haarithah had divorced her.
4. From the preceding , it is clear that the termination of adoption is not the termination of human emotions and Islamic rights such as brotherhood, love, keeping ties, and good treatment, and all that it linked with prestigious morals. It is recommended to do good deeds, as follows:
a) A person is allowed to call he who is younger than him with the words ” O my son…” in treating him with kindeness , gentleness and making him feel loved, so that he may become friendly and listen to his advise or carry out his need. likewise, it is allowed for a person to call who is older than him with the words “…O my father..” out of respect for him and seeking his compassion in order to recieve his kindness , advise and help. Good manners can spread in the society and relationships between its members can strengthen due to this and all can feel a general feeling of brotherhood in faith.
b) The Sharee’ah has encouraged cooperation in doing good and increasing the fear of Allah . It has been recommended for people from all walks of life to love and treat eachother well. The Most High said :
“……Help you one another in Al¬Birr and At¬Taqwa (virtue, righteousness and piety); but do not help one another in sin and transgression. ….. (Al-Ma’idah 5:2)
Also the Prophet sallallahu alayhe was salaam said :
” The similitude of the believers is their love, compassion and kindness between one another is like that of a body, if a limb complains , the rest of the body collapses with fever and restlessness.”[Narrated by Ahmad and Muslim].
He sallallahu alayhe was salaam furthermore said :
” The believers amongst themselves are like a structure, parts of it srengthen others”.[Narrated by Bukhari, Muslim, Tirmidthee and Nasaaee.]
This includes the caring of orphans, the poor, those unable to work and those whose fathers are unknown by tending , raising, and treating them well. So that society may not contain those who are wretched and neglected for they could afflict the Ummah due to their bad upbringing or rebel for having felt the harshness of society and its neglect. It is upon the Islamic governments to establish centres for the disabled , orphans, abandoned children, those who have no families and those who fall under the rulings of these categories. If the treasury of the government does not suffice the needs of such people, assistance can be sought from the affluent of the Ummah, the Prophet sallallahu alayhe was salaam said :
” Any believer who dies and bequeaths wealth, let his heirs whoever they may be inherit from him, if he bequeaths a debt or loss , then let his creditors refer to me, for I am his sponsor”. [Narrated by Bukhari]
May Allah bless and send peace upon the Messenger , his family, and companions.
The Permanent Committee [Fataawa Islaamiyyah 4/497]
Islamic Fatawa Regarding the Muslim Child
pages 172-175